Vapor electric device.



. www N NL A. E` LBLAN.

VPOR ELECTRIC DVCE.

APPLICATION mso MAR. x8, w13.

1,161,485, mlm Nov. uns.

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UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEioE.

MAURICE AUGUSTE EUGENE LEBLANC, OF SURESNES, NEAR PARIS, FBI-ANCE,ASSIGNOR T0 COOPER HEWITT ELECTRIC COMPANY, 0F HOBOKEN, NEW JERSEY. ACORPORA- TION OE NEW JERSEY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 23, 1915.

Application f11ed March 18, 1913. Serial No. 755,131.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, MAURICE' AUGUSTE EUGENE LEBLANC, a citizen of theRepublic of France, residing at Suresnes, near Paris,

France, have invented certain new and use- `ful Improvements in Vapor'Electric De vices, of which the following is a specification. i.

This invention relates to vapor electric apparatus and more particularlyto vapor electric lamps of the type for instance as described in thespecifications of Letters Patent Nos. 923124 and 939708, in which theluminous portion or lighting tube of the container is provided at eitherend with receptacles open to the atmosphere and containing the mercurj7or other vaporizable conducting material employed, these receptacles aswell as the lightingtube beino preferably composed of quartz or otherrefractory transparent material.

Vapor electric lamps of the above general character are now well known,and the present invention has for its object to` provide an improvedconstruction which shallv increase the useful' life of the lamp, improveits eiiiciency ofoperation and enable the light thereof to be moreeffectively utilized for illuminating purposes than has hitherto beenpossible.

In order that the nature of the invention may be clearly understood apreferred form of lamp embodying the improvements constituting thesubject-matter of the invention will now be described with reference tothe accompanying drawings, of which- Figure 1 is a view in frontelevation,

' partly sectional, of the lamp, Fig. 2 being a plan View of the same.

Referring now to the drawings, the container 1 ,of tl. lamp comprises alighting tube 2 in the form of a vertical loop, the end portions 3 ofwhich are adjacent to one another at the basepf the loop and are eachconnected to a mercury receptacle 4 provided with suitable tubularprojections 5 through which the leading-in wires for connecting thelampto a source of electric current are introduced.

The receptacles i above referred to are of cylindrical form having theiraxes slightly inclined to the horizontal so that those portions of e'achof the receptacles 4 to which the end portions 3 of the lighting tube 2are connected, are somewhat lower than the op-v posite ends of thereceptacles to which the tubular projections 5 containing the leadinginwires are attached.

`The lighting tube 2 of the container 1 is provided on its upper surfacewith a pocket or cavity 6 formed in the wall of the tube 2, the latterof which is so arranged that its plane is inclinedv at an angle ofapproximately 450 with the plane containing the mercury receptacles land the tubular projections 5 carrying the leading-in wires. Thelighting tube 2 is also provided at or near .its upper portion with atubular extension Z vsurrounded by a heating coil 21 connected upbetween the main lead and serving. The connections of the coil 21 areplain from the drawing. The conductor 22, the lead wire 23, and the sidetube, 2i, combined with the coil 21 explain the connections to vaporizethe mercury or other liquid conducting ma'- terial contained in thetubular extension 7 for the purpose of starting the lamp into operation.l

The tubular projections 5 above referredv to are arranged to besupported at their npper portions by a horizontal rod or tube 8 ofquartz located above the lighting tube 2 and the container is mounted asa whole in a su-itable frame arranged substantially in alinement withthe mercury receptacles 4 and the portions 5 of the container' in which,the leading-in wires are located.

of, the portions of the tubular projections 5 immediately below thepartition 9 being formed into bulbs as shown in Fig. 1.

The leading-in wires as above stated are introduced through the tubularprojections 5, one of these wires being indicated at 12. The hwire 12 islocated Iina tube 13, the lower end of which is connected to one 'of thetubular projections 5 at a point below the normal level of the mercurywithin the con- 'tainer 1, the wire -12 passing through the open upperend of the tube. 13 and projecting from the lower end of this tubethrough the aperture 10 into the tubular projections 5;

Ain auxiliary leading-in wire 14. is provided in one of they tubularprojections 5, this wire being connected to the heating resistancesurrounding the tubular extensions The mercury receptacles l arepreferably each provided. with a cylindrical body l15 of iron, nickel,nickel-plated copper or other mercury and is at thesame time a'goodconductor of heat. The bodies 15 replace a portion of the'mercury whichwould otherwise 'p be contained within' the receptacles 4- and thusenable receptacles having a greater ra- 2 dieting surface for a givenvolumetric ca- `pacity `to be employed, thereby facilitating .thedissipation of heat generated in.the lamp. During the operation of thelamp above l .Il dgcribed bubbles of air or. othev gas which my bedisengaged from the body of the mercury or other vaporizable materialem- Lloyod will, if occurring in the lighting 2, pass upward toward thetop of the 80 lighting tube and eventually ente-r the pocket or yity 6in which they are entrappedso Il' not to interfere with the eliicientoperation of -the lamp. Any bubbles similarly formed inthe receptacles 4pass upward and ..gutwtrd into the tubular projections 5, and

' 'npon reaching the bulbous portions of the tubular p j'ec'tions 5 thebubbles will be entra pod therein. A

will be readily understood by; those suitable material which is notattacked byl *med in the art, it is a matter offconsidcrible diiculty toformthe apertures 10 atV the hose of the conical partitions 9 exactly t0required dimensions so that the cross 'sectional' areas of theapertures. 10 are r'not usually thesame in the case of thef' conical'partition in the tworeceptacles` 5. The relaiz inequalityv in thecross-sectional areas o tures is evidently augmented owingto thereduction in the available area of these apertures due tothe passage ofthe wire l0 therethrough. The inequality above referred to evidentlytends to render the facility with which the mercury can rise and fallinthe receptacles 5 different in the tivo rebeptacles, so that as the.mercury passes into and out of the two receptacles as the lamp isstarted and extinguished, the greater impedance offered to the flow ofmercury by one or other of the .apertures 10 tends to cause the relativequantities of mercury in the two receptacles to become different from Ione. another. The additionalaperture l1 vprovided in each of the conicalpartitions!) e passagesconstituted by the two apen' 6.5 serves toprevent such inequality by providin said tubular projections.

ing an additional passage through the partition. This additional passagebeing a. simple perforation in the wall of the partition. itscross-sectional area can be more accu rately determined than is possiblein the case of the apertures 10 at the extremity' of the conicalpartition.

The inclination of the plane of the loop constituting the lighting tubeto the plane of the remainder of the container prevents the mercuryreceptacles at the base of the container and the vertical portionsthereof from casting objectionable shadows and the frame carrying thecontainer being as above described substantially in alinement with' 80the mercury receptacles and the terminals of the lamp, are equallyprevented from intertering with the general distribution of the lightproduced at the lighting tube.

The invention is evidentlyV capable of being carried into practice inalvariety of Ways other than that described above and suitablemodifications to meet the requirements of any particular` conditions maybe made Without exceeding the scope of the invention.

" What I claim is:- A

y 1. The combination in a vapor electrc'de- .vice of receptacles for thevaporizableV ma` terial, a tubular member connecting said receptacles, atubular projection connected to each of said receptacles, a conicalparti tion located within each of said tubular projections, and meansfor preventing iin-unequal accumulation of vaporizable material 2. Thecombination in a vapor electric dev.vice .of receptacles for thevaporizable ma 'terial, alooped member connecting said receptacles,tubular projections connected to each of said receptacles, a conicalpartition located in each of said tubular projections and a leadingfinwire locatedv in each of said tubular projections fand passing looselythrough said conical partition.

l 3. The combination infavapor electricde vice of receptaclesfor thevaporizable material, a looped tubular member connecting saidreceptacles, a `tubular projection con nected to each of saidreceptaclesand projecting vertically upward, leading-in Wires and externallyprojecting tubes throughA which the said Wires pass into the saidtubular projections. i

4. The combination in a vapor electric de`- vice of rece tacles for thevaporizable nia-1.120 terial, a tu ular member connecting saidreceptacles, an upwardly extending 'tubular' projection located uponandin connection with each of saidreceptacles, a`leading-in f Wire locatedWithin'oneof said tubular pro jections, a leading-in -wire entering theother of said tubular'projections below the normal level of thevaporizable material thereinpa third leading-in wire 'also located inthe last mentioned projection and means for pre- 13d renting :i shortcircuit hetneen the lendingin uil-es loeuted in the tuhulztr projectionwhen the device is inoperative.

5. 'l'he conihiuutiou in u vapor electric device ol :i pull ol.receptacles lor the. vuporizuhle inziteriul. :in up\\':udl extendinglooped tuhulzir lueiuher connecting suid receptacles. :in upwurdlrextending tuhulur projection l'or eau-h ot' said receptucles. :iperforated eonieul partition loeuted in euch of suid receptaclesA und ulending-in wire pussing through :1u aperture iu the buse of euch of saidpartitions.

t5, The eoluhnuition in u rupor electric device of receptacles Jfor thevuporizuble Inu teriul, u looped tubular rneinher connecting saidreceptacles und bodies of material huring :i higher thermalconductivit)v thun the vuporizuhle material located within saidreceptacles.

In testimony whereof l hure hereunto set my hand in presence of t\\ osubscribing witnesses.

MAURICE AUGUSTE EUGNE LEBLANC.

Witnesses GEORGE E. LIGnT, LUeiEN llniuus'ci;L

